Emotional intelligence three schools of thought

Emotional intelligence three schools of thought Emotional intelligence. What is it and what role does it play in work and life effectiveness? Is emotional intelligence just a repackaging of people skills in scientific clothing? Research suggests it is not. Academics and business people alike are intrigued by the possibility that emotional intelligence is a distinctive and measurable form of intelligence that is important to success as a leader. But how important is it to effective leadership? Are there some aspects of emotional intelligence that are more important than others? And, importantly: are there any downsides to having too high an EQ? What is Emotional Intelligence? From the review of the research there is no proper consensus about what actually emotional intelligence constitute.According to the research there are 3 schools of thoughy: 1)First school of thought like Goleman 1998 thinks factors influencing emotions and intelligence as initiative,self confidence and drive for results 2)Second school of thought like Bar-On 1997 view emotional intelligence as a personality dimension, like extroversion, agreeableness, and emotional stability. 3)Third school of thought like Mayor,Dipaolo thinks that emotional intelligence is the set of abilities which constitutes the capacity of the person to understand,reason about and how to use emotions to think and act. All three share a fault in terms of measuring leadership effectiveness. The tests are designed to assess specific aptitudes, traits, abilities, or behaviors thought to relate to emotional intelligence, but without regard as to how those may relate to success in particular situations.This is also the fundamental flaw in how emotional intelligence is being applied to effective leadership: we are beginning with competing constructs of emotional intelligence and attempting to relate them to leadership success, instead of going the other way around. We are, in effect, looking through the wrong end of the telescope at leadership performance. How Effective Leaders Demonstrate Emotional Intelligence At Cambria Consulting, we have taken the approach advocated by McClelland: identify the most effective leaders and study what makes them different from the average. During the past 30 years, we have observed and interviewed over 1000 highly effective senior managers and executives in prominent Fortune 500 companies, federal agencies, nonprofits and the military.. Based on this research, we have noted several critical aspects of emotional intelligence that are highly important to leadership effectiveness, as well as others that can actually be dysfunctional. What follows is a brief summary of our conclusions about what works and what doesnt work based on our observations. 1. Effective leaders are aware of their impact on others and use it to their advantage. Efffective leaders in an organization know that their strong personalities ,their position and even their physical presence makes a strong impact on others.they are also sensitive about hoe they come across to others.They form channels to bring about best in others.Such kind of leaders thinks that they are in perfect control over about their own feelings nad how they express them.But at the same time there is a big risk involved with such kind of leaders that these may come across as overbearing.Perfect balance is being created by the effective leaders. 2. Effective leaders have empathy for others; yet can still make tough decisions. Effective leaders often are best from thinking on placing himself in others position.They place themselves in others shoes and are able to think why and how employees react at the time of personal crisis,any changes may it be transformational or transactional,any prganizational events.But it doesnot prevent them to take tough decisions.They make people acknowledge that the decisions really make sense.The risk attached to it is that its easy to over-identify with others or let empathy be confused with sympathy, and not make the tough decisions as needed. 3. Effective leaders are astute judges of people without being judgmental. Effective leaders are able to judge others in terms of strengths and weaknesses and are able to apply and recognize diverse talents of the organization.The risk is that thay may overly critical about what they perceive about others weakenesses nad may make them feel undervalued or disrespective by dimissing the advice of such people. . 4. Effective leaders are passionate about what they do, and show it. Good leaders are passionate, highly optimistic and believe in the inevitability of success. They encourage others to believe that the most challenging goals can be met and the most daunting obstacles overcome. But it doesnt mean that they are always cheerleaders; their passion may be expressed as persistence in pursuing an objective or a relentless focus on a valued principle. However,theres a fine line between being excited about something and letting too much passion close your mind to other possibilities and ignoring realities that others see. 5. Effective leaders balance feeling and logic in making decisions. Effective leaders are in touch with their gut instincts about the right thing to do in the absence of supporting data. They also recognize their internal warning signs that something might not be the right thing to dodespite the seemingly compelling analysis. They understand that logic and facts are not the only things to consider. Nevertheless, they do not just go with their gut without checking out their instincts with others. The drawbacks are the temptation to rely largely on their feelings about things and bet that they are correct without further investigation. They are essentially gambling with the resources of the organization, and can lose big. 6. Effective leaders are excellent communicators. Effective leaders understands that the information should reach to people on time about the business.though they are not good speakers but still they kknow the hot buttons of the organization.They know that timely information always motivates people and make them connected to the organization.The only problem they face is that they get into the trouble of providing too much or too less information to the people connected with the organization.sometimes information not passed with the fear of people being upset from the truth. As in most things, emotional intelligence as a leadership requirement should be kept in perspective. The key to effectiveness is balance: a strong mix of cognitive capacity (logical, conceptual and creative thinking), people skills (interpersonal astuteness, influence skills, and communication skills), and the wisdom borne of experience and having to make unprecedented decisions based on a strong set of personal values and personal integrity. Taken together, this is what makes for effective leadership.

Diction, Imagery, Detail, and Syntax (DIDS) in Poetryâ€Worksheet Essay

Instructions: Analyze the text you selected and fill out the following worksheet in detail. Provide specific examples from the text that support your analysis. 1. Write the title of the text you have analyzed here: â€Å"When I Was Fair and Young† by Queen Elizabeth I circa 1585 2. List at least three examples of diction in the text that add to the overall tone. Explain how each word contributes to the emotional power of the piece. â€Å"Fair† and â€Å"Young† are good choices of words as it conveys o the audience that the Author was highly attractive. â€Å"Scorn† Conveys a strong negative emotion. it is stronger than using the word â€Å"dislike.† Importune is another word that conveys strong emotion; it is an urgent, persistent and intense request. â€Å"Fair† and â€Å"Young† Gives the poem a more soft and light tone which directly contrasted the intensity involved with the words â€Å"Scorn† and â€Å"Importune† 3. List at least three examples of imagery in the text that add to the overall tone. Explain how each description contributes to the emotional power of the piece. Fair and young gave a visualization of Queen Elizabeth I’s physical attributes when she was youthful. Scorn gives an image of a hard face and attitude, which again directly contrast the softer, gentler image of young and fair. With â€Å"weeping eyes† and â€Å"sighing hearts† I could see Elizabeth I’s rejected and dejected suitors. Where the author could have chosen more moderate, wild words, she used stronger words to communicate her severe emotions 4. List the examples of important details the author chose to include. Explain how these details contribute to the emotional power of the piece? Fair and young gives detail about her physical attributes and tells us why she was so lusted after; contributing an heartfelt emotion to the poem. How much men she severely brought to woe and despair by her scorn communicated a somewhat sorrowful emotion. 5. List the examples of important details the author chose to omit. Explain how these missing details contribute to the emotional power of the piece. The author did not include how her attitude changed after she was no longer fair, young and favored by grace to avoid impeding a moon present in the poem. Additionally, the author did not include how she was changed to no longer fair, young, and favored by grace; possibly to avoid impeding the mood too. 6. Analyze the author’s use of syntax in this text. Are the sentences long or short? Does the author use punctuation to slow down the pace, or short phrases to quicken it? Explain how the sentence structure contributes to the emotional power of the piece. The Sentences in the poem are medium. Her usage of punctuation and short phrases set a calm and consistent mood in the poem. 7. Select a tone (or multiple tones) from the list of Tone Words. Explain why this tone is the best way to describe this text. I say fatalistic, and ironic tones best fit the text. It was fatalistic for the author to see her haughty and prideful attitude ruin her beauty, and ironic, as pride comes before the fall (dramatic irony)

Hrm And The And Human Resource Management - 1094 Words

Introduction The main purpose to write this essay is to analogize the differences in the field of HRM and IR. The Foundation of Industrial Relations and Human Resource Management is based on intense academic study. The essay is an endeavor to illustrate by scrutinizing their objectives and the viewpoints or the approaches of this field. The first part of the essay is an attempt to define HRM and IR and it further continues to explain the differences and similarities between the two. In the last part, the essay addresses various concepts and theories that exists in these two subjects and the key features of HRM and IR. Definitions HRM and IR are two broad concepts. HRM is a strategic approach to managing employment relations which emphasizes that leveraging people’s capabilities is critical to achieving competitive advantage, this being achieved through a distinctive set of integrated employment policies, programmes and practices.† Bratton and Gold (2007: 7) Human resources management is an independent term for employee – employer relationship. It deals with recruitment, selection, training and employment relations among employers and employees. Human resource management is a complex blend of creativity, science and common sense. Industrial Relations is defined as: It is a field of study that deals with the formal and informal relationship between an organization and its employees. This embraces the wide range of interactions and processes by which the partiesShow MoreRelatedHuman Resource Management ( Hrm )1508 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Human resource management (HRM) is the managing of human skills and talents to make sure they are used effectively and in alignment with an organization’s goals† (Youssef, 2012). The primary role of human resource management is to plan, develop, and order policies and programmers designed to make prompt use of an organization’s human resources. It is that part of management which is concerned with the people at work and with their relationship within an organization. I currently work for a HumanRead MoreHuman Resource Management ( Hrm )1562 Words   |  7 PagesHuman resource management (HRM) is an important strategic and systematic approach that provides each company with the opportunit y to create policies and practices, as well as to establish administrative forms (Pfeffer, 2007). According to Armstrong (2009) HRM is an approach that deals with ‘employment, development, and well-being of the people working in organizations’. However HRM has evolved significantly through the years due to the rapid social, economic, political and environmental changes.Read MoreHuman Resource Management ( Hrm )1142 Words   |  5 Pageshe HRM Process Human Resource Management (HRM) is a combination of elements that work interdependently on each other to carry out the daily functions within an organization. Human Resources Management operates in several roles serving as a liaison between the organization and the employee. This dual role often present challenges within HRM; therefore it is vital the HRM Department is skilled on various issues that may arise on a daily basis within an organization. In this paper, I will discussRead MoreHuman Resource Management ( Hrm )1552 Words   |  7 PagesHuman Resource Management (HRM) is the function within an association that has emphases on the employment of, administration of, and providing direction for the employees within an organization. The Human Resource Management department members deliver knowledge, training, tools, administrative services, and lawful and organization advice. The HRM department is organized by very talented managers who has a mission to make sure the rest o f the business has the needs for successful operation. HumanRead MoreHuman Resource Management ( Hrm ) And Human Resources1452 Words   |  6 Pagesshift in Human Resource Management from collective to individualised approaches to Employee Relations and will also explain the concept of the psychological contract and consider its importance for contemporary Employee Relations practice. â€Å"The terms ‘human resource management’ (HRM) AND ‘human resources’ (HR) have largely replaced the ‘personnel management ‘as a description of the processes involved in managing people in organisation’s† (Armstrong, 2009, p.4). â€Å"Human resource management is definedRead MoreHuman Resource Management ( Hrm )1105 Words   |  5 PagesHuman Resource Management (HRM) is the function within an association that has emphases on the employment of, administration of, and providing direction for the employees within an organization. The Human Resource Management department members deliver knowledge, training, tools, administrative services, and lawful and organization advice. The HRM department is organized by very talented managers who has a mission to make sure the rest of the business has the needs for successful operation. HumanRead MoreHuman Resource Management : Hrm772 Words   |  4 Pagesa brief description of the models of HRM discussed in the first chapter of the textbook, and explain how each one relates to strategic human resource management. Human Resource Management (HRM) at its best seeks to manage people and resources to maximize economic and social outputs. Social output resulting from providing opportunity for advancement will ultimately make employees become true participants in the company. Bratton and Gold (2012) outline six HRM models, they are: the Forbrum, TichyRead MoreHuman Resource Management ( Hrm )2412 Words   |  10 Pages these human traits can bring considerable benefits to organizations† (Mullins 1999). However, when managed poorly they have the potential to limit organizational growth and threaten the viability of a business. â€Å"There are countless examples of corporate and project crises in the construction sector which have arisen as the result of people s behaviour, and it would seem that human resource management (HRM) has the potential to eliminate more construction risks than any other management approach†Read MoreHuman Resource Management ( Hrm )1405 Words   |  6 Pages Human Resource Management (HRM) seeks to manage people and resources to maximize economic and social outputs. Bratton and Gold (2012) outline six HRM models which include: the Forbrum, Tichy and Devanna model, the Harvard model, the Guest model, the Warwick model, The Storey model, and Ulrich’s Strategic Partner model of HRM. Forbrum Tichy and Devanna model of HRM is based on the principle of selecting, appraising, developing and rewarding employees who fulfill management strategic business interestsRead MoreHuman Resources Management ( Hrm ) Essay794 Words   |  4 Pages Human Resources Management (HRM) is people who work in an organization. The manager is a person who manages people, leads, facilitates and provide tools for the organization. Human resources management also, sets strategic processes and procedures, run difficult and complex communication as the organization attracts the best talents from the recruiting process. Human resources management is where everything begins and ends for an individual and the organization. Consequently

Observing Gender Communication Differences Essay - 530 Words

Several weeks ago I observed a woman at the Mall. She and a young man sitting directly across from each other were engaged in what was apparently a mutual flirting. But the younger man seemed much more confident and cocky than did the woman. For one thing, he was more relaxed and calm. The woman, however, kept her arms folded over a bag that she was holding on to very tightly. The woman also had a strong tendency to look down more often than the man. Although her admiration for him was obvious, she seemed to be trying hard to conceal it. Often women seem to be more noticeably shy than men. Non-verbally, their â€Å"body language; seems to communicate their feelings of great uncertainty and self-consciousness. Further evidence†¦show more content†¦Men seem to speak more nasally and some women seem to have a better control over the English language. Over the course of a few days, I noticed significantly fewer â€Å"ums; and â€Å"errs; from women than I did from men. This did not necessarily indicate that they presented themselves more confidently, just with greater fluency. Men have a tendency to use their hands more often while speaking than do women. In one my observed instances, several guys and girls had gathered at my friend’s house to eat dinner, and the amount of hand motions and gestures that the guys were using seemed to be infinite. One guy frank practically drew out an entire picture of his car in the air while describing it to the other guys. Meanwhile, the girls’ hands remained on their food or their drink or on the table. Girls nodded much more than guys—but made no other gesture with as much frequency. Finally, it can be inferred from my observations that certain cultural models cause the witnessed patterns of speaking and communication. Women are â€Å"taught; to be shy and infererior—and this is evidenced in their non-verbal coyness while speaking in a one-to-one situation with males. But men are taught that over-happiness is â€Å"queer; and so smiles are not nearly as common on the males’ face as they are on the females’ face. Both sexes certainly seem to enjoy talking—but each is more comfortable in their ownShow MoreRelatedCommunication Reflection Paper1496 Words   |  6 Pages Communication between different genders is something that can vary—it can be wildly different or it can be entirely similar. What I found tough about observing the differences in communications between genders was finding situations in which the genders of the people communicating had an influence on the manner in which they spoke. I chose to observe while I was at work—I work at a movie theater and when I was observing I was working mostly serving popcorn—I chose to observe not the customers butRead MoreCommunication And Gender. Generally Speaking, There Are1239 Words   |  5 PagesCommunication and Gender Generally speaking, there are a lot of differences between men and women and it’s very evident that we have different ways of communicating. It was fun to read about and I could definitely relate to some of the differences explained because I have lived with just my dad and brother most of my life. I also seen many of the differences within my relationship with my boyfriend. The way we talk, respond and perceive things are all so different. There is a lot of information coveringRead MoreThe Special Service Classroom At Coulter Grove Intermediate School1322 Words   |  6 PagesOver the course of this semester, I have had a valuable experience observing the children in the special services classroom at Coulter Grove Intermediate School in Maryville, Tennessee. During this observation, I did not only spend time observing the developmentally and physically disabled children that went to the school, but also their neurotypical peers that were put in the classroom as â€Å"peer b uddies†. Peer buddies acted as friends to the disabled children in the classroom in order to expose theRead MoreThe Social Of Social Self979 Words   |  4 PagesThis paper will give a better understanding of The Social Self from six published resources on the studies of Interpersonal Communications when it comes to relationships, who we are as a person, when does our social self really began, and why is it so important in today’s society. Even though the title is the same there will be different definitions and explanations when it comes to The Social Self. Daryl Ben (1972) Social Perception Theory, it asserts that people develop their attitudes when thereRead MoreThe Differences Between Men And Women1171 Words   |  5 PagesHave you ever wondered what the differences are between men and women psychologically, and biologically? Men and Women are extremely different in many ways. Men act in certain ways and express themselves differently from how women do. There are many differences between the two genders including communication skills, biologically different, and the cultural stereotypes that have separated the two genders socially. Many relationships end due to the fact of misunderstanding each other and how to communicateRead MoreAnthropology Is The Comparative Study Of Human Societies, Cultures And Their Development Essay1651 Words   |  7 Pagesvisit the statue. Some key factors are played by various ethnographic features such as racial, ethnic, and gender in the interactions observed amongst the people. Questions that should be answered are: the roles played by ethnographic factors in the interaction, and the influence that people bring into the area. The study involves observation and note taking as a major research method. Observing how people interact and taking note of some actions that the tourists and the locals engage on. I chose theRead MoreA Brief Note On Gender Roles Of Communication1494 Words   |  6 PagesArisah Donovan February 18, 2015 Gender Roles in Communication Every person born into this world has been misunderstood at one point in time, or another. It can be frustrating at best, or cause major errors to occur in an industry at its worst. However, there are solutions to these types of miscommunications that people tend to have. For instance, if people took the time to understand the behaviors, dispositions, characters, and cultures of different individuals, everyone would have better successRead MoreObservational Learning Help Children Learn How to Behave Essay1406 Words   |  6 Pagesstarts when infants began to imitating their parent’s behaviors. It is often found that children’s behavior (expression of emotion) results from observing their parents. In most cases, adults have the same behavior as they did when they were younger. In other cases, adult behavior change’s depending on their surroundings. However, our experience from observing the world can have different effects, because not everyone is the same. In contrast, human expression of emotion can vary. Therefore, humanRead MoreAre Different Patterns Of Communication?1307 Words   |  6 Pages Are Different Patterns of Communication in Women and Men Innately Determined? In the piece, ‘Are Different Patterns of Communication in Women and Men Innately Determined’, Louann Brizendine, argues yes they are innately determined while, Brenda J. Allen, argues no, women and men are conditioned through social interactions based on power and position. In the creation and maintenance of the gender system, communication and gender are viewed as very important by feminists because language is a veryRead MoreEssay On Social Interaction1338 Words   |  6 Pagesspecifically, Gender and Language, Nonverbal communication, Status, and Humor. Social interaction is the way people talk and act with each other and various structures in society. It may include the interactions such as family or bureaucracies that are formed out of the need to create order within the interaction itself (Wikipedia, 2017). This paper will illustrate the importance of the mentioned factors as it relates to the function and interaction in our society. In terms of the combination of Gender and

Concept Analysis Cultural Marginality in Nursing

Introduction 21st century nursing is an evolving, rewarding, but challenging occupation. Unlike nurses in the past, the modern nurses role is not limited to the physicians assistant, but rather takes on a critical partnership role with both doctor and patient. This role is multicimensional: advocate, caregiver, teacher, researcher, counselor, translator, and case manager. Of course, care is of the upmost importance and includes those activities that assist the client physically mentally and emotionally. This requires a holistic approach to the patient as a person, not a disease, number or statistic. Ironically, the idea of holism in health care is not a new philosophy, but one advocated by Florence Nightengale in the early 19th century. Ever more important today, it focuses on promoting health and wellness, advocating for the patient, assisting healing and preventing suffering clearly a theory of nursing care (Tourville Ingalls, 2003). At times, the complexity of multiple horizontal priorities in modern healthcare make it necessary to assess different aspects of nursing practice. Using nursing theory and scholarship can help aid a nurses toolbox as well as keep the nurse current with practice and philosophical ideas. Case histories, for instance, provide a way to examine different aspects of nursing theory with tangible, tactical solutions, as well as points for strategic discussion. Nursing theory provides the tools, and concept analysis helps us understand the wayShow MoreRelatedOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 PagesAssociate Professor, Copenhagen Business School, Denmark McAuley et al.’s book is thought-provoking, witty and highly relevant for understanding contemporary organizational dilemmas. The book engages in an imaginative way with a wealth of organizational concepts and theories as well as provides insightful examples from the practical world of organizations. The authors’ soun d scholarship and transparent style of writing set the book apart, making it an ingenious read which invites reflexivity, criticalnessRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pageslamentable. Taken together, the key themes and processes that have been selected as the focus for each of the eight essays provide a way to conceptualize the twentieth century as a coherent unit for teaching, as well as for written narrative and analysis. Though they do not exhaust the crucial strands of historical development that tie the century together—one could add, for example, nationalism and decolonization—they cover in depth the defining phenomena of that epoch, which, as the essays demonstrate

Faar Free Essays

Jamie Schiller English 114 09/12/12 Difficulty Paper 1 â€Å"If one thinks of cultures, or literatures, as discrete, coherently structured, monolingual edifices, Guaman Poma’s text, and indeed any autoethnographic work, appears anomalous or chaotic – as it apparently did to the European scholars Pietschmann spoke to in 1912. If one does not think of cultures this way, then Guanman Poma’s text is simply heterogeneous, as the Andean region was itself and remains today. Such a text is heterogeneous on the reception end as well as the production end: it will read very differently to people in different positions in the contact zone. We will write a custom essay sample on Faar or any similar topic only for you Order Now (page 492) I found this passage difficult because it uses many terms that I was only introduced to when I started reading Mary Louise Pratt’s essay. It is hard to follow because it uses difficult terms and packs a lot of information into a small amount of writing. Mary Louise Pratt introduces several concepts in the same passage, which was both overwhelming and distracting. It was difficult to understand the passage in its entirety the first time I read it, but after rereading the passage several times and giving it some thought, I think I may have a better understanding of what the author was trying to convey to her audience. I think that Mary Louise Pratt is saying that Guanman Poma’s text can be interpreted in more than one way. She uses the term â€Å"heterogeneous†, which means incongruous or unlike. This suggests that the text was complex and thus could easily be misinterpreted. If two people each have a different perspective of a certain society or culture is different from someone else’s, they probably will not share the same understanding of Poma’s work. Guanman Poma’s letters to the king were written in two languages. This could be a reason why people who view cultures as â€Å"coherently structured, monolingual edifices† may find his work chaotic and confusing. The European scholars the Pietschmann spoke to in 1912 would not have been able to fully understand Guanman Poma’s work because they do not possess transcultural understanding. The part of the passage that states that, â€Å"If one does not think of cultures this way, then Guanman Poma’s text is simply heterogeneous, as the Andean region was itself and remains today,† suggests that those who come from a â€Å"contact zone†, where two different cultures intermingle, would be able to understand Guanman Poma’s message more easily. This might be caused by the fact that they are familiar with more than one culture existing together and therefore would not be confused or overwhelmed by Poma’s letters. This passage connects to the rest of Pratt’s essay because it talks about autoethnographic texts and transcultration. Pratt introduced both of these terms in her essay because she views them as â€Å"the phenomenon of the contact zone. † How to cite Faar, Essay examples

Womans Rights free essay sample

Over the course of the last 200 years women’s roles have undergone a number of political and social transitions. From having little to no â€Å"control over their own lives† (Applebee) to gaining equality in the political and social arenas, the historical study of women in the United States is one without comparison. In the early to mid 1800’s women played a minimal role in life. They had little education; after marriage they were to stay at home and only do housework. They could not vote, be a part of the jury, had little education, and no employment. In 1836, the first women abolitionists appeared: Sarah and Angelina Emily Grimke. Angelina wrote An Appeal to Christian Women of the South. This called upon women to overthrow this horrible system of oppression and cruelty. Very few men supported their movement. The next movement was the Temperance Movement. This movement was the effort to prohibit the drinking of alcohol. We will write a custom essay sample on Womans Rights or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In the 19th century; alcohol was used for everything but very few people saw drunkenness as a problem; yet, those behind the temperance movement did. â€Å"They held rallies, produced pamphlets, and brought about a decline in consumption of alcohol that would continue into the 1860s† (Bowes). Girls had few education opportunities; it was said â€Å"if women knew chemistry enough to have ‘the water boil in a pot’ was enough for women† (Bowes). The first women’s school was opened in 1821. In 1837 higher education was offered for women. African American women were forced out of schools and some schools were shut down if they provided education for black women. Towards the mid 19th century, educated women began health reforms. Research found that for every four women three were ill and one was healthy. The tight, multi-layered clothing and hot weather made it unhealthy for women. It was recommended that the women wear looser clothing; men were outraged and repulsed when women began to wear pants. Women’s rights emerged in the mid 19th century. Many reform movements fed the growth of the women’s movement. It provided women with increased opportunities to act outside their homes. The first women’s rights convention was held in New York; it was named Seneca Falls. Nearly 300 women and men gathered at Wesleyan Methodist Church. Lucy Stone’s sister wrote,â€Å"I can’t vote, but what care I for that, I would not if I could† (Bowes). The Sojourner Truth was the next act for women’s rights. The conditions for slaves worsened, so Isabella Baumfree took the name Sojourner Truth. She decided to sojourn or travel around the country spreading the word of abolition. She argued with others in women’s rights because she believed in abolition. Truth won the argument with her speech, which urged men to support women’s rights. In the 1960s, new women’s movements arose with feminism. Feminism is â€Å"the belief that women should have economic, political, and social equality with men† (Bowes). This won women’s right to vote in 1920, though women’s rights declined after this achievement but reopened in the 1960s. In the 1950s one out of three women worked wages, and women’s opportunities opened but they were still very shut out. Womens jobs paid very poorly, but by 1960s women wages increased by 40 percent. Most jobs for women were clerical work, domestic service, retail sales, social work, teaching, and nursing. Women were often pushed to the side until President Kennedy addressed the problem in 1961. â€Å"As the women’s rights grew, it achieved remarkable and enduring political and social gains for women† (Bowes). In 1963, Betty Friedan wrote the book The Feminine Mystique, this book encouraged housewives to begin meeting to discuss their lives and their roles in society. In 1966 a group was established named National Organization for Women (NOW). This group of women fought for the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Their goal was â€Å"to take action to bring American women into full participation in the main stream of American society now† (Cayton et al). They wanted fair pay and equal job opportunities; they wanted more balance in marriages. This was the fastest growing group in women rights. Congress passed the Equal Rights Amendments in 1972. This amendment states that women and men would share the same and equal rights; this was said to be â€Å"simple justice† (Bowes). A Stop ERA campaign was started in 1972. Phyllis Schlafly believed that ERA would lead to a â€Å"parade of horribles,† like drafting women, laws protecting homemakers, the end of husband’s responsibility to provide for their family, and same sex marriages. In order to get rid of ERA and pro-abortion supporters, conservatives formed the â€Å"pro-family† movement or the New Right. The New Rights and Women’s Rights clashed over ERA, but by 1977 women’s rights had the approval of 35 of the 38 states needed for the movement. By 1982, ERA had went down in defeat. In 1983, women’s rights held 13. 5 percent of elected state offices as well as 24 seats in the United States Congress.