Reaction Attachment Disorder - SmartCustomWriting.com Samples

Reaction Attachment Disorder - SmartCustomWriting.com Reaction Attachment DisorderAbstract The definition of reactive attachment disorder has been provided in this paper followed by a brief introduction to the symptoms of the disorder. The positive and negative outcomes and their impact on relationships has been put forward. The causes of the reactive attachment disorder amongst infants and adults have been tackled. Finally, the various treatment strategies as addressed by empirical research have concluded the paper. Introduction This is a severe uncommon disorder that affects children. The disorder is characterized by poor or inappropriate social interactions or excessive interactions depicted by children even with strangers. In most cases the child appears to be disturbed in terms of making the normal social interactions from all contexts. During early childhood, it is expected that the child develops attachments to the caregiver with the normal socialization models. The care giver in this case could even be the mother or any other person charged with the responsibility of taking care of the child. However with the disorder such an attachment is not achieved because of a number of factors ranging from child abuse, neglect, genetic, environment or even separation from the child in the early stages of development. (Cappelletty, Brown,Shumate,2005). Children with Reaction Attachment Disorder (RAD) have social interaction models that appear to be grossly disturbed and can be the main cause of future behavior problems later on in life. The symptoms of the disorder vary from behavior problems to socialization problems as depicted by researchers. (Fairchild, 2006). Symptoms Behavior problems Children with RAD are clearly noticed with aggressive and oppositional behaviors at their young age.Most research findings have demonstrated that  Ã‚   RAD children are not affectionate to their parents and they lack eye contact on parents. Such children can be indiscriminately attracted to strangers unlike in the normal cases. They also tend to be very destructive on their self and other kids. For instance they are always in trouble and prone to accidents than other children. In most cases, they would want to be given more attention than anybody else.   They are also prone to vices such as stealing and lying. Such can tell lies even for the obvious things. Evidence from empirical studies also indicate that RAD children often like asking non sense and annoying questions to their friends and their care takers. In terms of knowledge and learning, researchers have indicated that the children normally lag behind in language and other cognitive skills. In cases where the children have been left with pets and other animals, they have tended to display a cruel behavior towards the animals. From empirical studies, children with RAD display a variety of symptoms that are unusual and clearly reflect their disturbed attachments. (Shaw Paez,2007). Negative outcomes of the disorder Undesirable behaviors are part and parcel of children who have Reaction Attachment Disorder. In some cases the children have depicted erratic mood swings. The unpredictable behavior can be in the form of clinging to hanging and swearing. In studies where the children with the disorder have been assessed, the results have shown that the children stated concerns about being mad and crazy. In some cases, psychiatric analysis has pointed pointed out that the child here’s a voice instructing to do a particular undesirable activity. Research has also shown evidence of children not showing affection to their parents as a result of the disorder. Bad behaviors such as stealing unnecessarily and lying can be quite a common thing amongst the children with the disorder. (Schechter Willheim,2009). Delayed social and cognitive development. Children with Reaction Attachment Disorder can experience delayed development in their cognitive abilities. In most cases the children find difficulties and are completely unable to accomplish cognitive tasks assigned to them in school or by the caregivers. Delayed cognitive development can be indicated in such cases with mild mental retardation. In terms of social development affected children can depict immature socialization and inappropriate behaviors. The behavior of the children can also be indiscriminate social interaction with lack of abilities to regulate emotions such as anger. The children can also show lack of attention and concentration while in the company of caregivers and other children. Language deficiency is also associated with the children with the disorder. Affected children can experience difficulties in receptive and expressive skills. The child may be unable to undertake comprehension and articulation exercises. (Schwartz, DavisAndrew,2006). Positive outcomes The interruptive and controlling behavior of children with Reaction Attachment Disorder can be made useful in terms of leadership. This is in light of the fact that they have tendencies of believing that they are more powerful than the rest. The children therefore do not find it comfortable to be led or influenced by others. In their ability to have control over what others are doing, RAD children can end up being chosen as young leaders. This is also achieved positively because they are able to make others focus on what they do. By this they easily manage to influence and lead others. In future such an   ability can grow and develop into future leaders in business and in the corporate world. Growing up and developing independently is a positive outcomes of RAD. In most cases children develop attachment to their parents at a very tender age. Most of them are unable to live independently without the affection from the parents.   With or without parents, RAD children would still continue living and achieve education and other important goals. The reduced attachment and dependency on parents should therefore be viewed as a strength because the children cannot break down in case something happened to the care givers. In future such children could also develop into powerful people in the society who are self driven and highly motivated. A good historical example was provided by Adolf Hitler who suffered the disorder in his early childhood. The ability of the RAD children to depend on themselves is a very important positive outcome. This is because they can easily confront the challenges that come in their way without involving other children or care givers.   This can make such children develop talents and other skills that can benefit them in their future lives. For instance independent thought and decision making can be greatly developed in such children more than their counterparts who are so much dependent on caregivers and colleagues. Causes of Reaction Attachment Disorder (RAD). Child abuse Abuse has become a common threat amongst young children and it has been blamed by most researchers to be a cause of this severe disorder. Abuse can be physical, emotional and even sexual. Psychologists argue that when the child is subjected to abuse in any form, the risk of developing an attachment disorder is very high. In most cases, child who have been subjected to abuse by their caregivers, siblings or parents often are impulsive towards the people who caused the problem. Later own this can be transferred to other people hence a reaction attachment disorder. (Fairchild, 2006). Neglect In normal situations, it is expected that a parent should take care of the child to ensure that all the needs are met as the child undergoes growth and development. Child neglect is a common problem among teenage mothers and other cases. Research has indicated that children who have been neglected lack the love and affection of parents or primary care givers. The children struggle on their own and they fail to develop the necessary attachment to their parents. In such cases , the children are forced to socialize on their own and this can greatly interfere with their different aspects of development. In some cases, the symptoms of the disorder have been noticed in children who have been separated from the primary care givers. If the mother was the source of primary care for the child when the mother is separated from the child due to factors such as death or any other separation, the child might fail to initiate attachments with other people. This has been mentioned by sociologists and they argue that it is a common case during early adolescence. Foster parents who have adopted children who have pasts full of abuse and neglect have experienced behaviors in the children that are associated with the disorder. The most common behavior in the aggressive behavior that has been witnessed by most of the foster parents. (Guttmann-Steinmetz Crowell, 2006). Genetic constitution of the infant. The genetic constitution of the child can also predispose the child to RAD. This is still under the aspects of poor maternal care and its impact on the child’s development. Infants are normally born with different genetic profiles some which can result in the attachment and behavior disorders. There is a strong growing body of evidence from animal and clinical studies that suggests that the infant’s genetic constitution is very important in the reaction towards pathogenic environments. In the genetic makeup of the child , there are genes that are in charge or releasing the neuronal hormones that shape the child’s attachments to the mother or primary care giver. From this point of view, it is more likely that some children become susceptible to disturbed attachment depending on the nature of their genes. In light of this issue, several genes have been cited to have an effect on attachment and detachment of the child. For instance vasopressin and serotoninergic hav e been implicated in studies of attachment disorders. (Hardy, 2007) Maternal Ambivalence This involves the various reactions and processes the expectant mothers go through which might affect the developing child. It is vital to mention that in some communities, cultures can exert a lot of pressure on the mother. The way the mother responds to the cultural pressures determines the risk to attachment disorders. In some cases the mother is supposed to deal with stressful situations such as uncooperative husbands or separation issues and they all affect the relationship with the child. In cases where mothers have responded with mixed reactions on the child chances of forming stronger ties with the child even after birth become slim hence making the child to develop RAD symptoms. (Hardy, 2007) Inheritance A number of   studies have pointed out the role played by poor motherhood in the occurrence of RAD in infants. It is vital to mention that emotional and cognitive aspects of the mother can predispose the child to the attachment disorder. There are studies which have been done on primate mothers have indicated that mothers have the potential of influencing the future behavior of their children in relation to the disorder. Specifically they have concluded that nonhuman mothers who were abused at infant stage are more likely to abuse their children hence leading to the development of the disorder in their off springs. This was observed in both the children raised by their biological mothers as well as those raised by their non biological mothers. Maternal anxiety and other emotions in relation to bad behavior of the child has also been indicated by research to affect the child. Children who have behavior problems and are difficult to manage can trigger anxiety amongst mothers and if i t is not handled carefully, it can result in the disturbed attachment in the infants of 4 years. The goodness of fit in the mothers environment has also been associated with triggering factors of the disorder. Sociologists argue that the mother has to be well equipped with the right attitudes and skills that can control the external environment of the child. This is applicable to infants who are unresponsive and quiet and also those who are irritable and repulsive. With such a control, the mother is able to reduce the risk of the environment in triggering symptoms of the disorder. (Hardy, 2007) Treatment/Therapy Therapy and management of reaction attachment disorder requires a lot of patience from the people involved. Immediate success upon commencement of the therapy should not be anticipated. Infants and adolescents are often oppositional and aggressive and can test the limits of external controls and rules. The therapists must therefore be prepared for little appreciation from the patients while at the same time expects the negative feedback in terms of behavior of the patients. (Hoffman,   Marvin, Cooper Powell, 2006). Empirical studies have identified various treatments for reactive attachment disorder. One of the most common strategy has been psychotherapy and has taken different dimensions while utilizing theories such as that of attachment. Becker-Weidman has articulated the Dyadic development psychotherapy. The researcher argues that symptoms of the disorder have declined to a great extent in cases where the method has been applied effectively. The therapy is based on the attachment theory and it is founded on the premise that the current situation of the child is the most essential in reducing the symptoms while at the same time the experiences of the child should be looked into. Building a relationship with the child is a key aspect of this treatment. The proponent argues that it is through the knowledge of the child’s background and experiences that workable relationships can be built with the care giver. In an environment where there is safety of the child, the therapist models heal thy attachment modes. The RAD child is given a chance to re-experience the traumatic situations and in the event new feelings are triggered and expressed. (Becker-Weidman, 2006). Cycle of security therapy This is a strategy that uses the secure and non secure attachment designs. The process is led by a therapist who addresses the children and the care givers. One of the goals of the therapy is to develop a secure working environment between the children and the caregiver. The goal then shifts to the attention and sensitivity and responsibility that looks into the attachment needs of the child. The ability to recognize the verbal and non-verbal cues is enhanced by the methods. (Hoffman, Marvin, Cooper Powell, 2006). Another therapy that has been put forward through empirical research is known a eye desensitization and reprocessing. Such a therapy in founded on the assumption that traumatic episodes are trapped rather than processed by the brain. Each and every aspect of the negative experiences continue to be reactivated every now and then and they have an impact on the victim of the disorder. Children who suffered abuse and neglect continue to visualize these bad experiences and it interferes with their abilities to form relationships with their caregivers. This therapy has the potential of diminishing the unfortunate experiences of abuse and neglect and replaces them with positive feelings such as those of happiness and hope. The RAD infants are therefore able to continue with a normal life that is full of excitement and positive attitude towards others hence attachments. (Newman, 2007). Medications for other conditions that might be affecting the child with RAD has also shown positive results according to empirical research. Studies have continued to point that conditions such as anxiety and depression might be very influential towards the behavior of adolescents. In cases where these conditions have been kept at bay, reactive attachment disorder symptoms have reduced tremendously. Counseling Individual psychological counseling can be of great help to children suffering from the attachment disorder. In this case, the therapist who can be the parent or care giver should seek psychological counseling on how to bring back attachment relations with the affected child.   The caretaker can also attend the counseling sessions with the affected child for the psychologists to have a first- hand experience with the patient. Empirical studies have shown that RAD children who are given medicine by the psychologists would show diminishing behavior problems with application of therapy. In these studies the patients were enrolled in a three year program. During the three years counseling was applied and it resulted in positive results with changed behavior in the children. Specifically the patients developed attachments with their adopted mothers and they showed a diminishing trend in the oppositional and aggressive behavior. (Haggard Hazan, 2006). Play therapy This form of therapy makes use of a number of important aspects in forming attachments between the caregiver and the child. The balance of structure, nurturance and play are key in this case in the formation of attachments. As recorded by Weir (2007), modifying theraplay is a crucial step towards helping the child with attachment problems. The approach is applicable to children of upto 12 years. The sessions are designed to last for one hour per week and should last between 10 to 20 weeks. The facets that are key towards better attachments include structure, challenge, stimulation and nurturing as mentioned by Pzybylo (2002). Structure in theraplay refers to the groundwork in which times rules are set and reviewed for the sake of establishing the structure. The challenge pertains to the scenario where the participation of parents and children is required whether they like it or not. Participation of these two important stakeholders ensures that the required tasks are completed as set to realize the objectives. Engagement has to be undertaken in the therapy so as to attract the children and ensure they are in the process of changing their behavior. Nurturing has been considered to be a very important aspect of play therapy by the research. It is through nurturing that the desirable bonds are established between the care giver and the child. A sense of security is very essential for the child. Empirical research had provided evidence that affirms that the more secure the environment formed by the caregiver, the stronger the attachments that are established between the child and the care giver. (Newman, 2007). Conclusion. Reactive attachment disorder manifests itself in different behavior problems and has an impact on the relationships between infants and their care givers. It is vital to understand the symptoms of the disorder before choosing the appropriate therapy. Empirical research has shown the success that has been achieved by various treatment methods   that have been discussed in the paper. References Becker?Weidman, P. A. (2006). Treatment for children with trauma attachment disorders:   Dyadic Developmental Psychotherapies. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal , 23 (2), 147?171. Cappelletty, G. G., Brown, M. M., Shumate, S. E. (2005). Correlates of the Randolph   Attachment Disorder Questionnaire (RADQ) in a sample of children in foster placement. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal , 22 (1), 71?84. Fairchild, S. R. (2006). Understanding attachment: Reliability and validity of selected attachment measures for preschoolers and children. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal , 235?261. Guttmann-Steinmetz S, Crowell JA (2006). "Attachment and externalizing disorders: a developmental psychopathology perspective". J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 45 (4): 440–51. Hardy, L. T. (2007). Attachment theory and reactive attachment disorder: Theoretical perspectives and treatment implications. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing, 27?39. Hoffman, K. T., Marvin, R. S., Cooper, G., Powell, B. (2006). Changing toddlers' and preschoolers' attachment classifications: The Circle of Security intervention. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 1017?1026. Haugaard, J, J.; Hazan, Cindy.(2006).Recognizing and Treating Uncommon Behavioral and Emotional Disorders in Children and Adolescents Who Have Been Severely Maltreated: Reactive Attachment Disorder. Child Maltreatment, Vol 9(2), May 2007. pp. 154-160. Mukaddes, N Motavalli; Kaynak, F. Nimet; Kinali, Gulsevim.(2005). Psychoeducational Treatment of Children with Autism and Reactive Attachment Disorder. Autism The International Journal of Research and Practice, v8 n1 p101-109 Mar 2005. Newman L, Mares S (2007). "Recent advances in the theories of and interventions with attachment disorders". Curr Opin Psychiatry 20 (4): 343–8 Schwartz, Eric; Davis, Andrew S.. (2006). Reactive attachment disorder: Implications for school readiness and school functioning.Psychology in the Schools, Apr2006, Vol. 43 Issue 4, p471-479, 9p; DOI: 10.1002/pits.20161. Shaw, S. R., Paez, D. (2007). Reactive attachment disorder: Recognition, action, and considerations for school social workers. Children and Schools , 69?74. Schechter DS, Willheim E (2009). Disturbances of attachment and parental psychopathology in early childhood. Infant and Early Childhood Mental Health Issue. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Clinics of North America, 18(3), 665-687. Weir, P. K. (2007). Using integrative play therapy with adoptive families to treat reactive attachmentdisorder: A case study. Journal of Family Psychotherapy , 18 (4), 1?16.

Afghanistan and the U.S. military mission there Research Paper

Afghanistan and the U.S. military mission there - Research Paper Example Lingering doubts are due to the constant inability of the US forces to maintain peace, control drug production or strengthen the US supported fragile government in Afghanistan. All these problems have been compounded for McChrystal by a crisis of confidence among Afghans (Holmes 2009). When Mikhail Gorbachev came to power in the Soviet Union, he inherited a deteriorating war in Afghanistan (Coll 2009). Gradually though, he planned an exit from the country. Somehow, the circumstances are similar under which President Obama assumed the office. To consolidate this thinking he even announced that US military will plan the exit in eighteen months from now. If this happens than the question remains that whether American Army would have achieved by then which it initially claimed before entering into Afghanistan? Or history will once again repeat itself. US interests in Afghanistan is now almost three decades old. After all, the humiliating defeat mighty USSR faced at the hands of Afghan Mujahidin could not have been possible without the military and financial aid from US (Hanks 2007). Yet, Americans could not make much room in the hearts of Afghans as they left them completely on their own, after using them as front line state to defeat communism. But little did they know that they will have to get back there, and this time not only with their finances but also with human resources. 9/11 attacks proved as a reason or rather justification for the American government to enter in to Afghanistan and uproot the Taliban government which had provided a safe harbor to Usama bin Laden and Al-Qaeda. October 7 of the year 2001, will be marked as the day which changed the history for Afghans, Americans and consequently for the world. US army started their invasion then and by the November 12th of the same year Kabul had been conquered. Since t hen US has deployed almost 65000 soldiers in Afghanistan (Mann 2009), and the number will further increase to 30,000 as per the latest plans

Comparative Data in Healthcare Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Comparative Data in Healthcare - Term Paper Example The use of such information can help healthcare funders as well as practitioners identify problem areas in clinical performance and enhance quality improvement strategies (Powell, Davies, & Thomson, 2003). On the other hand, patient benefit by having the capacity to make informed choices of a care provider based quality standards and competitive costs (Davies, & Marshall, 1999). There are several ways in which comparative data is useful in improving quality and performance in health care organizations (Powell, Davies, & Thomson, 2003). Comparative data is efficient in pointing out problems related to clinical performance. Even though, outcome of quality of care given to a patient is easily measured as a whole, analyzing performance data of an individual practitioner can shade some the light. Quality of clinical performance can also be measured using comparative data across departments of different hospitals. For instance survival or a recovery rate of patients admitted to cardiac and orthopaedic surgery across different hospitals can be compared to rate clinical performance (Goodroe, 2010). Comparative data is also useful in informing and driving quality improvement activities in a healthcare organization (Powell, Davies, & Thomson, 2003). Such data provides useful and specific information on quality improvement strategies used by best performing institutions. Even though quality improvement is a standard goal for all healthcare institution. (Davies, & Marshall, 1999)

Emotional intelligence three schools of thought

Emotional intelligence three schools of thought Emotional intelligence. What is it and what role does it play in work and life effectiveness? Is emotional intelligence just a repackaging of people skills in scientific clothing? Research suggests it is not. Academics and business people alike are intrigued by the possibility that emotional intelligence is a distinctive and measurable form of intelligence that is important to success as a leader. But how important is it to effective leadership? Are there some aspects of emotional intelligence that are more important than others? And, importantly: are there any downsides to having too high an EQ? What is Emotional Intelligence? From the review of the research there is no proper consensus about what actually emotional intelligence constitute.According to the research there are 3 schools of thoughy: 1)First school of thought like Goleman 1998 thinks factors influencing emotions and intelligence as initiative,self confidence and drive for results 2)Second school of thought like Bar-On 1997 view emotional intelligence as a personality dimension, like extroversion, agreeableness, and emotional stability. 3)Third school of thought like Mayor,Dipaolo thinks that emotional intelligence is the set of abilities which constitutes the capacity of the person to understand,reason about and how to use emotions to think and act. All three share a fault in terms of measuring leadership effectiveness. The tests are designed to assess specific aptitudes, traits, abilities, or behaviors thought to relate to emotional intelligence, but without regard as to how those may relate to success in particular situations.This is also the fundamental flaw in how emotional intelligence is being applied to effective leadership: we are beginning with competing constructs of emotional intelligence and attempting to relate them to leadership success, instead of going the other way around. We are, in effect, looking through the wrong end of the telescope at leadership performance. How Effective Leaders Demonstrate Emotional Intelligence At Cambria Consulting, we have taken the approach advocated by McClelland: identify the most effective leaders and study what makes them different from the average. During the past 30 years, we have observed and interviewed over 1000 highly effective senior managers and executives in prominent Fortune 500 companies, federal agencies, nonprofits and the military.. Based on this research, we have noted several critical aspects of emotional intelligence that are highly important to leadership effectiveness, as well as others that can actually be dysfunctional. What follows is a brief summary of our conclusions about what works and what doesnt work based on our observations. 1. Effective leaders are aware of their impact on others and use it to their advantage. Efffective leaders in an organization know that their strong personalities ,their position and even their physical presence makes a strong impact on others.they are also sensitive about hoe they come across to others.They form channels to bring about best in others.Such kind of leaders thinks that they are in perfect control over about their own feelings nad how they express them.But at the same time there is a big risk involved with such kind of leaders that these may come across as overbearing.Perfect balance is being created by the effective leaders. 2. Effective leaders have empathy for others; yet can still make tough decisions. Effective leaders often are best from thinking on placing himself in others position.They place themselves in others shoes and are able to think why and how employees react at the time of personal crisis,any changes may it be transformational or transactional,any prganizational events.But it doesnot prevent them to take tough decisions.They make people acknowledge that the decisions really make sense.The risk attached to it is that its easy to over-identify with others or let empathy be confused with sympathy, and not make the tough decisions as needed. 3. Effective leaders are astute judges of people without being judgmental. Effective leaders are able to judge others in terms of strengths and weaknesses and are able to apply and recognize diverse talents of the organization.The risk is that thay may overly critical about what they perceive about others weakenesses nad may make them feel undervalued or disrespective by dimissing the advice of such people. . 4. Effective leaders are passionate about what they do, and show it. Good leaders are passionate, highly optimistic and believe in the inevitability of success. They encourage others to believe that the most challenging goals can be met and the most daunting obstacles overcome. But it doesnt mean that they are always cheerleaders; their passion may be expressed as persistence in pursuing an objective or a relentless focus on a valued principle. However,theres a fine line between being excited about something and letting too much passion close your mind to other possibilities and ignoring realities that others see. 5. Effective leaders balance feeling and logic in making decisions. Effective leaders are in touch with their gut instincts about the right thing to do in the absence of supporting data. They also recognize their internal warning signs that something might not be the right thing to dodespite the seemingly compelling analysis. They understand that logic and facts are not the only things to consider. Nevertheless, they do not just go with their gut without checking out their instincts with others. The drawbacks are the temptation to rely largely on their feelings about things and bet that they are correct without further investigation. They are essentially gambling with the resources of the organization, and can lose big. 6. Effective leaders are excellent communicators. Effective leaders understands that the information should reach to people on time about the business.though they are not good speakers but still they kknow the hot buttons of the organization.They know that timely information always motivates people and make them connected to the organization.The only problem they face is that they get into the trouble of providing too much or too less information to the people connected with the organization.sometimes information not passed with the fear of people being upset from the truth. As in most things, emotional intelligence as a leadership requirement should be kept in perspective. The key to effectiveness is balance: a strong mix of cognitive capacity (logical, conceptual and creative thinking), people skills (interpersonal astuteness, influence skills, and communication skills), and the wisdom borne of experience and having to make unprecedented decisions based on a strong set of personal values and personal integrity. Taken together, this is what makes for effective leadership.

Diction, Imagery, Detail, and Syntax (DIDS) in Poetryâ€Worksheet Essay

Instructions: Analyze the text you selected and fill out the following worksheet in detail. Provide specific examples from the text that support your analysis. 1. Write the title of the text you have analyzed here: â€Å"When I Was Fair and Young† by Queen Elizabeth I circa 1585 2. List at least three examples of diction in the text that add to the overall tone. Explain how each word contributes to the emotional power of the piece. â€Å"Fair† and â€Å"Young† are good choices of words as it conveys o the audience that the Author was highly attractive. â€Å"Scorn† Conveys a strong negative emotion. it is stronger than using the word â€Å"dislike.† Importune is another word that conveys strong emotion; it is an urgent, persistent and intense request. â€Å"Fair† and â€Å"Young† Gives the poem a more soft and light tone which directly contrasted the intensity involved with the words â€Å"Scorn† and â€Å"Importune† 3. List at least three examples of imagery in the text that add to the overall tone. Explain how each description contributes to the emotional power of the piece. Fair and young gave a visualization of Queen Elizabeth I’s physical attributes when she was youthful. Scorn gives an image of a hard face and attitude, which again directly contrast the softer, gentler image of young and fair. With â€Å"weeping eyes† and â€Å"sighing hearts† I could see Elizabeth I’s rejected and dejected suitors. Where the author could have chosen more moderate, wild words, she used stronger words to communicate her severe emotions 4. List the examples of important details the author chose to include. Explain how these details contribute to the emotional power of the piece? Fair and young gives detail about her physical attributes and tells us why she was so lusted after; contributing an heartfelt emotion to the poem. How much men she severely brought to woe and despair by her scorn communicated a somewhat sorrowful emotion. 5. List the examples of important details the author chose to omit. Explain how these missing details contribute to the emotional power of the piece. The author did not include how her attitude changed after she was no longer fair, young and favored by grace to avoid impeding a moon present in the poem. Additionally, the author did not include how she was changed to no longer fair, young, and favored by grace; possibly to avoid impeding the mood too. 6. Analyze the author’s use of syntax in this text. Are the sentences long or short? Does the author use punctuation to slow down the pace, or short phrases to quicken it? Explain how the sentence structure contributes to the emotional power of the piece. The Sentences in the poem are medium. Her usage of punctuation and short phrases set a calm and consistent mood in the poem. 7. Select a tone (or multiple tones) from the list of Tone Words. Explain why this tone is the best way to describe this text. I say fatalistic, and ironic tones best fit the text. It was fatalistic for the author to see her haughty and prideful attitude ruin her beauty, and ironic, as pride comes before the fall (dramatic irony)

Hrm And The And Human Resource Management - 1094 Words

Introduction The main purpose to write this essay is to analogize the differences in the field of HRM and IR. The Foundation of Industrial Relations and Human Resource Management is based on intense academic study. The essay is an endeavor to illustrate by scrutinizing their objectives and the viewpoints or the approaches of this field. The first part of the essay is an attempt to define HRM and IR and it further continues to explain the differences and similarities between the two. In the last part, the essay addresses various concepts and theories that exists in these two subjects and the key features of HRM and IR. Definitions HRM and IR are two broad concepts. HRM is a strategic approach to managing employment relations which emphasizes that leveraging people’s capabilities is critical to achieving competitive advantage, this being achieved through a distinctive set of integrated employment policies, programmes and practices.† Bratton and Gold (2007: 7) Human resources management is an independent term for employee – employer relationship. It deals with recruitment, selection, training and employment relations among employers and employees. Human resource management is a complex blend of creativity, science and common sense. Industrial Relations is defined as: It is a field of study that deals with the formal and informal relationship between an organization and its employees. 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The Human Resource Management department members deliver knowledge, training, tools, administrative services, and lawful and organization advice. The HRM department is organized by very talented managers who has a mission to make sure the rest of the business has the needs for successful operation. HumanRead MoreHuman Resource Management : Hrm772 Words   |  4 Pagesa brief description of the models of HRM discussed in the first chapter of the textbook, and explain how each one relates to strategic human resource management. Human Resource Management (HRM) at its best seeks to manage people and resources to maximize economic and social outputs. Social output resulting from providing opportunity for advancement will ultimately make employees become true participants in the company. Bratton and Gold (2012) outline six HRM models, they are: the Forbrum, TichyRead MoreHuman Resource Management ( Hrm )2412 Words   |  10 Pages these human traits can bring considerable benefits to organizations† (Mullins 1999). However, when managed poorly they have the potential to limit organizational growth and threaten the viability of a business. â€Å"There are countless examples of corporate and project crises in the construction sector which have arisen as the result of people s behaviour, and it would seem that human resource management (HRM) has the potential to eliminate more construction risks than any other management approach†Read MoreHuman Resource Management ( Hrm )1405 Words   |  6 Pages Human Resource Management (HRM) seeks to manage people and resources to maximize economic and social outputs. Bratton and Gold (2012) outline six HRM models which include: the Forbrum, Tichy and Devanna model, the Harvard model, the Guest model, the Warwick model, The Storey model, and Ulrich’s Strategic Partner model of HRM. Forbrum Tichy and Devanna model of HRM is based on the principle of selecting, appraising, developing and rewarding employees who fulfill management strategic business interestsRead MoreHuman Resources Management ( Hrm ) Essay794 Words   |  4 Pages Human Resources Management (HRM) is people who work in an organization. The manager is a person who manages people, leads, facilitates and provide tools for the organization. Human resources management also, sets strategic processes and procedures, run difficult and complex communication as the organization attracts the best talents from the recruiting process. Human resources management is where everything begins and ends for an individual and the organization. Consequently

Observing Gender Communication Differences Essay - 530 Words

Several weeks ago I observed a woman at the Mall. She and a young man sitting directly across from each other were engaged in what was apparently a mutual flirting. But the younger man seemed much more confident and cocky than did the woman. For one thing, he was more relaxed and calm. The woman, however, kept her arms folded over a bag that she was holding on to very tightly. The woman also had a strong tendency to look down more often than the man. Although her admiration for him was obvious, she seemed to be trying hard to conceal it. Often women seem to be more noticeably shy than men. Non-verbally, their â€Å"body language; seems to communicate their feelings of great uncertainty and self-consciousness. Further evidence†¦show more content†¦Men seem to speak more nasally and some women seem to have a better control over the English language. Over the course of a few days, I noticed significantly fewer â€Å"ums; and â€Å"errs; from women than I did from men. This did not necessarily indicate that they presented themselves more confidently, just with greater fluency. Men have a tendency to use their hands more often while speaking than do women. In one my observed instances, several guys and girls had gathered at my friend’s house to eat dinner, and the amount of hand motions and gestures that the guys were using seemed to be infinite. One guy frank practically drew out an entire picture of his car in the air while describing it to the other guys. Meanwhile, the girls’ hands remained on their food or their drink or on the table. Girls nodded much more than guys—but made no other gesture with as much frequency. Finally, it can be inferred from my observations that certain cultural models cause the witnessed patterns of speaking and communication. Women are â€Å"taught; to be shy and infererior—and this is evidenced in their non-verbal coyness while speaking in a one-to-one situation with males. But men are taught that over-happiness is â€Å"queer; and so smiles are not nearly as common on the males’ face as they are on the females’ face. Both sexes certainly seem to enjoy talking—but each is more comfortable in their ownShow MoreRelatedCommunication Reflection Paper1496 Words   |  6 Pages Communication between different genders is something that can vary—it can be wildly different or it can be entirely similar. What I found tough about observing the differences in communications between genders was finding situations in which the genders of the people communicating had an influence on the manner in which they spoke. I chose to observe while I was at work—I work at a movie theater and when I was observing I was working mostly serving popcorn—I chose to observe not the customers butRead MoreCommunication And Gender. Generally Speaking, There Are1239 Words   |  5 PagesCommunication and Gender Generally speaking, there are a lot of differences between men and women and it’s very evident that we have different ways of communicating. It was fun to read about and I could definitely relate to some of the differences explained because I have lived with just my dad and brother most of my life. I also seen many of the differences within my relationship with my boyfriend. The way we talk, respond and perceive things are all so different. There is a lot of information coveringRead MoreThe Special Service Classroom At Coulter Grove Intermediate School1322 Words   |  6 PagesOver the course of this semester, I have had a valuable experience observing the children in the special services classroom at Coulter Grove Intermediate School in Maryville, Tennessee. During this observation, I did not only spend time observing the developmentally and physically disabled children that went to the school, but also their neurotypical peers that were put in the classroom as â€Å"peer b uddies†. Peer buddies acted as friends to the disabled children in the classroom in order to expose theRead MoreThe Social Of Social Self979 Words   |  4 PagesThis paper will give a better understanding of The Social Self from six published resources on the studies of Interpersonal Communications when it comes to relationships, who we are as a person, when does our social self really began, and why is it so important in today’s society. Even though the title is the same there will be different definitions and explanations when it comes to The Social Self. 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Questions that should be answered are: the roles played by ethnographic factors in the interaction, and the influence that people bring into the area. The study involves observation and note taking as a major research method. Observing how people interact and taking note of some actions that the tourists and the locals engage on. I chose theRead MoreA Brief Note On Gender Roles Of Communication1494 Words   |  6 PagesArisah Donovan February 18, 2015 Gender Roles in Communication Every person born into this world has been misunderstood at one point in time, or another. It can be frustrating at best, or cause major errors to occur in an industry at its worst. However, there are solutions to these types of miscommunications that people tend to have. For instance, if people took the time to understand the behaviors, dispositions, characters, and cultures of different individuals, everyone would have better successRead MoreObservational Learning Help Children Learn How to Behave Essay1406 Words   |  6 Pagesstarts when infants began to imitating their parent’s behaviors. It is often found that children’s behavior (expression of emotion) results from observing their parents. In most cases, adults have the same behavior as they did when they were younger. In other cases, adult behavior change’s depending on their surroundings. However, our experience from observing the world can have different effects, because not everyone is the same. In contrast, human expression of emotion can vary. Therefore, humanRead MoreAre Different Patterns Of Communication?1307 Words   |  6 Pages Are Different Patterns of Communication in Women and Men Innately Determined? In the piece, ‘Are Different Patterns of Communication in Women and Men Innately Determined’, Louann Brizendine, argues yes they are innately determined while, Brenda J. Allen, argues no, women and men are conditioned through social interactions based on power and position. In the creation and maintenance of the gender system, communication and gender are viewed as very important by feminists because language is a veryRead MoreEssay On Social Interaction1338 Words   |  6 Pagesspecifically, Gender and Language, Nonverbal communication, Status, and Humor. Social interaction is the way people talk and act with each other and various structures in society. It may include the interactions such as family or bureaucracies that are formed out of the need to create order within the interaction itself (Wikipedia, 2017). This paper will illustrate the importance of the mentioned factors as it relates to the function and interaction in our society. In terms of the combination of Gender and